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Silvino, Antônio. Antônio Silvino (1875-1944) was a famous cangaceiro (bandit) and leader of a band of outlaws in rural Pernambuco in Brazil. In the 1920s and 1930s he appeared in Celebrity Pulps in Brazil, most commonly in folheto, pamphlets of poetry cheaply printed and widely distributed. (He remains a popular subject of the folheto even today). The historical Silvino, though a successful bandit, often acted like a modern Gentleman Bandit and was portrayed as such in fiction. In some folheto he fights Lampião in Hell.

* I'm including the Antonio Silveno stories in the Best of the Encyclopedia list because of their historical importance. Silvino was famous in his heyday, and the Celebrity Pulps about him were capitalizing on his fame rather than expanding it. But what they did which was historically important was to essentially create the real person Gentleman Bandit pulp in Brazil. After Silvino, those pulps--folheto, really--became popular and a recognized (if despised by literatteurs and critics) part of the marketplace. 

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