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Martians. The Martians were created by the Chinese author Lao She and appeared in the serial “Maocheng Ji” (Xiandai, 1932-1933).

A Chinese man, a Planetary Romance Hero, is part of an expedition to Mars, but his plane there crashes on arrival and he is the only survivor. He discovers that Mars has twenty countries and that the one he has found is inhabited by cat-headed humanoids. These Martians are oddly similar to Republican China, from greed to opium smoking to lust-filled scholars. An invasion of foreigners destroys the country, whose inhabitants are too busy squabbling, and the Chinese man sadly returns to his “great, glorious, and free China” on a French plane.

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